Brazil / US Laser Propulsion

Institudo de Estudos Avançados (IEAv) from Brazilian Air Force and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) from New York are developing a new laser propulsion system that will provide energy from ground structures to the rear of the spacecraft during the flight in the Earth atmosphere. It will increase the payload fraction from 5% to 50% and it will reduce the polution. The first launch is planned at latest for 2025.

More: http://www.fab.mil.br/portal/capa/index.php?mostra=3672

US Small Unit Space Transport and Insertion

Elite Squad any place of Earth within 2 hours. The Small Unit Space Transport and Insertion (SUSTAIN) is a transport spacecraft for a dozen of U.S. Marine Corps. In the first stage it is carried by a large aircraft like B-52 to high altitude then the second stage is to fly up to Mach 7 powered by its own scramjet engines.
More: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SUSTAIN_(military)

China SC-19 Anti-Satellite Missile

The SC-19 missile is an anti-satellite weapon with history of sucess in real firing test against a deactivated chinese satellite. This program is also intended to be applied as strategic missile.
"Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao stated, 'There's no need to feel threatened about this' and argued that 'China will not participate in any kind of arms race in outer space.' Ironically, China had been long advocating to ban space weapons, which had been rejected by the United States under George W. Bush."

More: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Chinese_anti-satellite_missile_test

Russian Roscosmos Nuclear Engine for Spacecraft

Russia will finish by 2018 a nuclear engine to manned spaceship for long range space exploration like Mars. Initially the basic concept was to generate thrust from the blast of external nuclear explosions that would push a damped bottom plate of the spacecraft. But newer designs plan to employ the Inertial Confinement Fusion technology.

More: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_pulse_propulsion

China DF-21D Anti Aircraft Carrier Ballistic Missile

China has since 2009 an operational anti-ship ballistic missile designed to destroy an aircraft-carrier in one hit. The "carrier-killer" is a two-stage hypersonic weapon that combines maneuverable reentry vehicles with terminal guidance. The target could be a moving aircraft carrier up to 2,700 kilometers away and the warhead may be many types including nuclear bomb.
For now the U.S. Navy has no defense against such weapon so the power balance over the Pacific is shifted in favor of China. This is an important card in the world scenario like Taiwan and Korea.

More: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DF-21

AHW Global Strike

The Advanced Hypersonic Weapon (AHW) is capable to hit any place of the Earth in less than an hour. This hypersonic glider is unmanned, maneuverable and capable of carrying many types of payloads including nuclear missiles and bunker busters.

More: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2063117/Pentagon-tests-hypersonic-weapon-travels-5-times-speed-sound.html